China Resumes U.S. Soybean Purchases Ahead of Trump-XI Meeting in South Korea

If confirmed, early Chinese buys tighten nearby Gulf/PNW capacity and could bump basis in export-oriented regions.

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (RFD-TV) — China is back in the U.S. soybean market. Balance sheets show China’s state-owned COFCO reportedly booked three U.S. soybean cargoes for the December-January shipment — about 180,000 metric tons — marking their first purchase of U.S. beans this year. However, that is a small amount compared to years past.

However, that is a small amount compared to years past. Looking back to the first week of October 2021, China purchased 1.2 million metric tons of beans. The following week, it booked another 1.7 million metric tons. This morning’s sale was reported by several outlets, including Bloomberg and Chinese state media.

USDA data remains on hold due to the government shutdown.

Today’s soybean announcement comes amid rapid market moves. It also comes just 24 hours before a high-stakes meeting between President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping, which will take place in South Korea.

In a press appearance earlier this week, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said the framework is in place for the two sides to begin moving forward, including a substantial purchase of U.S soybeans by China. That news rocked the soybean markets, sending them up by double digits in a matter of hours earlier this week.

While China shifted heavily to Brazilian supplies earlier this year, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent had previously signaled China’s willingness to resume “substantial” U.S. purchases for years, pending broader trade normalization.

Traders say China has heavily booked Brazilian supplies through November and still prefers Brazil’s higher-protein beans, tempering expectations for a wholesale pivot back to U.S. origins. Even so, spot parity between the U.S. and Brazil offers the U.S. a window to load in the Pacific Northwest if diplomatic momentum continues. Market chatter also suggests state reserve buying could add to U.S. demand into spring, depending on price spreads and policy goals.

Agriculture traders caution that the commitment is still modest and book-to-ship details remain unclear. Still, the orders sparked a rally in Chicago soybean futures, lifting export-basis expectations in the Gulf and PNW.

Shipping will be another area Presidents Trump and Xi are likely to address following President Trump’s move to place extra port fees on Chinese-built ships, which took effect this month. In turn, China slapped its own port fees targeting U.S.-owned and operated vessels, but those fees did not apply to U.S. ships made in China.

Farm-Level Takeaway: If confirmed, early Chinese buys tighten nearby Gulf/PNW capacity and could bump basis in export-oriented regions.
Tony St. James, RFD-TV Markets Expert
Related Stories
Strong demand supports sweet potatoes, but grading challenges and rising costs weigh on returns for Southeastern growers.
Pressure on grain storage capacity and stronger export positioning are pushing more grain onto railroads, highways, and river systems as logistics become a key bottleneck this fall.
The Cotton-4 are pushing hard for new value chain investments. Still, many U.S. cotton producers face unsustainable losses, and weakened regional textile capacity threatens the survival of the Carolina “dirt-to-shirt” supply chain.
Tryston Beyrer, Crop Nutrition Lead at The Mosaic Company, examines planning trends as producers weigh corn and soybean plantings for 2026.
Despite the need for swift action, many ag lawmakers and industry groups argue that farm aid alone will likely not be sufficient to help farmers without improved trade relations with China.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Strong exports support cattle and hog market fundamentals.
StoneX Director of Fertilizer Josh Linville looks at fertilizer market volatility, potential impacts on planting decisions, and what farmers should watch as the global situation in the Middle East continues to unfold.
House ag leaders had hoped to get the Farm Bill voted on by Easter, but no dates have been secured just yet.
Watch China’s demand signals for export direction.
Shaun Haney joined RFD News to discuss the potential impact of the Trump-Xi summit uncertainty, ongoing agricultural trade talks, and why geopolitical developments could carry important implications for farmers and global commodity markets.
Kansas State University agricultural economist Dr. Gregg Ibendahl discusses rising diesel prices, the influence of global oil markets, and the potential impact on farmers heading into the spring planting season.
Lower production is tightening honey supplies across markets.