KANSAS CITY, MO (RFD NEWS) — Farmland values across the Midwest and Plains held steady in 2025 even as farm income, credit conditions, and repayment trends softened through the year, according to Federal Reserve agricultural credit surveys.
Francisco Scott and Ty Kreitman report cropland values were unchanged or slightly higher across participating Federal Reserve Districts, supported by resilient land demand and ad hoc government assistance despite tightening farm finances. Financial stress remained limited overall through late 2025.
Farm-Level Takeaway: Strong land values continue masking tighter farm finances.
Tony St. James, RFD NEWS Markets Specialist
Farm income weakened gradually in the fourth quarter, though declines slowed in some regions. Credit conditions also softened but at a slower pace, with fewer lenders reporting year-over-year deterioration in repayment rates across several Districts. Farm loan interest rates declined modestly from 2023 peaks to about 7.5 percent on average — still above long-term norms.
Regional farmland trends varied. Nonirrigated cropland values rose by more than 5 percent in northern Indiana, Kansas, and Texas but fell by about 4 percent in South Dakota, highlighting localized supply, income, and weather dynamics.
Congress has just over a month of working days left for the year. Plan for uneven USDA service until funding is restored, and closely monitor Farm Bill talks, as avoiding Permanent Law before January 1 is the single biggest risk to markets and milk prices.
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