Future of Labor: Industry concerns as fear mount over mass deportations

President-elect Trump has promised he will roll out mass deportations to deal with America’s illegal immigration program, but many worry it could worsen the ag community’s labor issues.

The Washington Policy Center says there are ways to deal with both problems, but it will take serious talks and big action.

“I think one of those things that we can do is to look at how we treat the visa process and how we treat people who contributed to this country. I think there are things in place that offer that, and we just need to figure out how to better navigate those things. Whether that’s recognizing that we have a workforce that exists and does a remarkable thing and often sort of hides in the shadows because of fear of deportation. And how do we acknowledge the longstanding work they’ve done while being cognizant of the fact that they are here without a visa,” said Pam Lewison.

Lewison says at the end of the day, undocumented workers break the law, but she says it is tough, because they also contribute a lot to the ag industry, and there are not many natural-born citizens lining up for farm labor. Labor rates are an area researchers at the Farm Bureau dove into recently. They have seen some big increases across the U.S.

“Field and livestock worker wages were $18.12 nationally, up 3.2% from the 2023 release. However, no one realistically pays the national wage, so regionally there was an average of about a four-and-a-half percent increase in regional wages. There was actually a decrease in the lake region. Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan, down 2% to $18.15. But then we have places like the southeast, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina with nearly 10% increases,” said Samantha Ayoub.

The National Farmers Union has been watching labor rates closely.

Related Stories
Rural population growth supports long-term stability of the ag workforce.
Texas rancher says illegal border crossings have slowed significantly, with fewer encounters reported over the past year.
Labor supply may shift, but uncertainty remains for producers.
Hiring may ease slightly, but labor shortages remain persistent.
Reduced driver supply may increase freight costs this season.
New wage rules improve accuracy but may still raise labor costs.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Rising adoption of GLP-1 drugs may gradually reshape food demand, with potential downstream effects on protein markets and consumer purchasing patterns.
Traders are keeping a close eye on China’s soybean purchases as markets track export sales, shipments, and progress toward the ‘magical’ 12 million ton target promised last year.
Leadership development and bipartisan engagement remain central to advancing agriculture’s priorities in 2026.
AFBF Economist Faith Parum provides analysis and perspective on the Farmer Bridge Assistance Program—what commodity growers should know and potential remedies for producers facing crop losses where that aid falls short.
In a post to social media, Trump said Venezuela will buy American agriculture products and will use the money from oil sales to make it happen.
Federal nutrition policy is signaling a stronger demand for whole foods produced by U.S. farmers and ranchers. Consumer-facing guidance favors animal protein, but institutional demand may change little under existing saturated fat limits.