National Crop Progress and Agribusiness Update - Monday, Sept. 29, 2025

U.S. Farmers Navigate Harvest Pace, Costs, Policy Shifts

Crop Progress Graphic

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (RFD-TV) — Here is a look across U.S. agriculture this week, highlighting harvest pace, crop conditions, market signals, and policy developments affecting farmers. Reports are organized regionally for a clear snapshot of the week’s agricultural landscape.

Great Plains

  • Texas: Corn and sorghum harvests continue to accelerate; dryness in West Texas and the Panhandle is stressing late fields. Cow-calf operators report tight forage and elevated supplement costs, which have lingered from the past drought.
  • Oklahoma: Soybeans and cotton are mostly mature; scattered rains created uneven pod fill and boll development. Winter wheat seeding is underway where soil moisture allows, but lingering heat could challenge emergence.
  • Kansas: Corn and soybean maturity has slowed in the drier southwest counties; test cuts are starting elsewhere. Wheat planting has begun with localized early germination following spotty showers.
  • Nebraska: Combines are rolling in south-central areas; disease pressure earlier this summer trimmed expectations in pockets. Dry weather aids fieldwork but raises fire risk during harvest.
  • South Dakota & North Dakota: The harvest pace is uneven—north sees moisture and frost risk, while the south benefits from drier conditions—quality variability expected in later soybeans.

Midwest

  • Iowa: Faster bean cutting where fields dried; corn ear fill still lags trend in some late-planted acres. The basis remains firm to near-strong for end-users.
  • Illinois: Cool temperatures and limited rainfall accelerated dry-down, especially in central counties; southern Illinois remains very dry. Early corn yields are mixed, and beans are generally holding up.
  • Indiana & Ohio: Corn harvest advancing amid scattered downed stalks from earlier storms. Soybean moisture is variable; double-crop fields trail normal.
  • Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan: Early frosts clipped some northern acres; silage nearly wrapped. Grain corn maturity is behind average in cooler zones.
  • Missouri: Split story—south reports decent yields, north battling patchy moisture deficits and staggered maturity.

Delta & South

  • Arkansas: USDA officials have flagged additional support tools as growers face high input costs and soft prices, notably in cotton and rice. The harvest pace is improving with drier weather conditions.
  • Louisiana & Mississippi: Late showers slowed dry-down; rice and beans see pockets of quality concerns. Cattle producers are watching feed and pasture recovery closely.
  • Alabama, Georgia, Florida: Peanut digs and cotton picking are advancing where fields are firm. Specialty crops are still feeling labor and freight cost pressures.
  • Kentucky, Tennessee, Carolinas, Virginia: Tobacco wraps up; soybean cutting building. Disease hangover lingers in humid areas; wheat seed deliveries are picking up.

West & Southwest

  • New Mexico & Arizona: The monsoon finish was mixed; rangeland improved, but humidity delayed crop maturity in some areas. Feed costs continue to be a headwind for livestock producers.
  • Colorado, Utah, Nevada: A warm, dry pattern favors small-grain planting and late hay, but stresses dryland farming—irrigated acres holding better with tight water management.
  • California: Nut and fruit harvests contend with heat-related quality issues and a tight labor market. Vegetable transitions are underway; logistics and export timelines are closely monitored.

Northwest & Northern Rockies

  • Washington & Oregon: Apple and pear picking near finish; sugars benefited from late warmth, but water supplies stayed tight. Eastern wheat is essentially wrapped.
  • Idaho, Montana, Wyoming: Barley and wheat are mostly done; early high-elevation snows risk unharvested forage. Cow-calf operations eyeing winter feed balance sheets.

Northeast

  • New York & Pennsylvania: Dairy margins pinched by feed costs as corn silage moves fast; some fields too wet for ideal chop timing. Manure application and wheat planting windows are opening.
  • New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland: Fresh-market vegetables are winding down; pest flare-ups have been reported in isolated pockets—grain harvest queue building.
  • New England (grouped): Field crops near finish; disease pressure persists in wetter zones. Direct-market farms are pivoting to fall agritourism as a cash-flow bridge.
Related Stories
Analysts warn the closed U.S.-Mexico border is straining cattle supplies and packing capacity. StoneX and USDA data point to long-term industry shifts.
USDA’s 2026 Food Price Outlook projects food prices rising 3.1%, with higher beef costs and falling egg prices shaping consumer trends.
According to the Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry, fire crews remain on alert statewide as Red Flag conditions persist. Officials warn that even contained fires can reignite quickly under current weather conditions.
UNL Extension’s Troy Walz discusses the Nebraska Ranch Practicum, where sessions are held, how producers can get involved, and what ranchers can gain from participating in the program.
Cotton jassid, a invasive pest, is raising concerns for Southeast cotton growers as experts work to understand its impact this season.
Cash flow management and lender communication are becoming critical survival tools for farmers as tightening margins increase risk and borrowing pressure.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Surging energy markets are quickly becoming a cost story for U.S. agriculture as crude oil climbs on supply fears tied to the Middle East conflict.
Strike risk adds volatility to already tight markets.
Technology-driven lending decisions may shape the future availability of farm credit.
Logistics remain firm, but freight costs continue to rise.
Strong corn demand and cotton shipments support export outlook.
Fertilizer investigation may impact input costs and margins.
Agriculture Shows
Special 3-part series tells the story of the Claas family’s legacy, which changed agriculture forever.
From soil to harvest. Top Crop is an all-new series about four of the best farmers in the world—Dan Luepkes, of Oregan, Illinois; Cory Atley, of Cedarville, Ohio; Shelby Fite, of Jackson Center, Ohio; Russell Hedrick, of Hickory, North Carolina—reveals what it takes for them to make a profitable crop. It all starts with good soil, patience, and a strong planter setup.
Champions of Rural America is a half-hour dive into the legislative priorities for Rural America. Join us as we interview members of the Congressional Western Caucus to learn about efforts in Washington to preserve agriculture and tackles the most important topics in the ag industry on Champions of Rural America!
Featuring members of Congress, federal and state officials, ag and food leaders, farmers, and roundtable panelists for debates and discussions.