WASHINGTON, D.C. (RFD NEWS) — U.S. crop production in 2025 delivered a sharp contrast across major commodities, with record-setting corn output offset by smaller soybean and cotton crops, according to the USDA Crop Production 2025 Summary (PDF Version) released by the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service. Strong yields drove production gains in feed grains, while acreage shifts and weather pressures limited oilseed and fiber output.
Corn production reached a record 17.0 billion bushels, up 14 percent from 2024. The national average yield climbed to a record 186.5 bushels per acre, while harvested acreage expanded 10 percent to 91.3 million acres. The combination of higher yields and larger area firmly reestablished corn as the dominant driver of U.S. grain supply in 2025.
Sorghum followed a similar pattern. Grain sorghum production jumped 27 percent to 437 million bushels, supported by both higher acreage and sharply improved yields. Average yield rose to 72.6 bushels per acre, more than 11 bushels above last year, reflecting favorable growing conditions across key Plains production areas.
Soybean production moved in the opposite direction. Total output fell 3 percent to 4.26 billion bushels, despite a record average yield of 53.0 bushels per acre. Harvested acreage declined 7 percent from 2024, limiting total production and reinforcing tighter balance sheet expectations compared with corn. Wheat production was steadier, with stocks and output reflecting more stable acreage and yield outcomes relative to other crops.
Cotton production also trended lower. All cotton output totaled 13.9 million bales, down 3 percent from 2024. Yields slipped to 856 pounds per acre, while harvested area edged slightly lower, underscoring ongoing challenges tied to weather variability and input cost pressures in major cotton regions.
Corey Rosenbusch with The Fertilizer Institute joined us to discuss supply chain disruptions and what farmers should watch as global tensions impact fertilizer markets.
