NASHVILLE, Tenn. (RFD-TV) — Farm debt at agricultural banks continued to rise in the second quarter of 2025, driven by tighter margins for crop producers and steady demand for financing, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
While loan delinquency rates remain low at just 1.3 percent, they ticked slightly higher as farm financial conditions weakened. Agricultural banks—defined as those with at least a quarter of lending tied to farm loans—reported stronger growth than other lenders, with half seeing loan balances increase by more than 5 percent and a quarter posting gains over 10 percent.
Real estate debt at farm-focused banks rose 5 percent year-over-year, while production loans increased nearly 10 percent. By contrast, non-agricultural banks showed flat to declining farm loan balances. Record farm debt levels are being offset by relatively strong earnings at agricultural banks, supported by higher interest margins; however, liquidity has tightened as loan-to-deposit ratios have crept upward.
The Fed notes that conditions remain uneven across the agricultural sector. Livestock producers, particularly cattle operators, are experiencing more substantial returns, while crop producers are facing low commodity prices and high input costs. Government relief payments and firm land values have provided some cushion, but weaker profitability is likely to keep credit demand elevated into 2026.
Farm-Level Takeaway: Farm debt is climbing to record levels at ag banks, reflecting pressure on crop producers’ finances even as livestock and land values lend stability to the sector.
Working capital is tightening for crop farms, increasing reliance on operating loans even as land values steady in the broader sector.
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