Data Centers Expand into Rural Areas Competing with Agriculture

Data centers may compete with farms for key resources.

LUBBOCK, TEXAS (RFD NEWS) — Data centers are rapidly expanding into rural areas, raising new concerns about competition for land, water, and electricity with agricultural operations. Texas A&M AgriLife economists say the impact will depend on how these facilities use local resources and how communities manage development.

Texas is emerging as a major hub, with about four gigawatts of data center capacity already in place and nearly eight gigawatts under construction. Large-scale facilities can span hundreds of acres and operate continuously, consuming as much electricity as a small city.

Farm-Level Takeaway: Data centers may compete with farms for key resources.
Tony St. James, RFD NEWS Markets Specialist

That demand could strain rural power systems. Year-round electricity use may drive higher rates and increase grid pressure, especially during peak summer irrigation periods. Water use is also significant, with some facilities requiring more than a million gallons per day, adding pressure on groundwater resources in key aquifers.

Land use is another concern. Once converted, these sites rarely return to agriculture. While data centers can generate tax revenue, they create relatively few long-term jobs.

Related Stories
Glyphosate and phosphorus are deemed critical to U.S. national defense, ensuring farmers’ access while signaling a shift toward regenerative agriculture. RealAg Radio host Shaun Haney shares insight on the Trump Administration’s move and what it could mean for U.S. farmers moving forward.
The Ranger Road Fire in the Oklahoma Panhandle is now 65% contained after burning nearly 300,000 acres over the past week. Kevin Charleston of Specialty Risk Insurance Agency discusses wildfire recovery, livestock insurance considerations, and the importance of preparedness for producers across the Southern Plains.
Cotton jassid, a invasive pest, is raising concerns for Southeast cotton growers as experts work to understand its impact this season.
RFD Farm Legal & Tax expert Roger McEowen shares guidance on the 45Z Clean Fuel Production Credit, its impact on renewable energy and agriculture, and what producers should know moving forward.
Border closures tied to the threat of New World Screwworm continue to stall Mexican fed cattle imports, tightening U.S. feeder cattle supplies over time — triggering feedlot closures that hinder herd rebuilding efforts, threaten the beef supply chain, and shrink production while consumer prices stay elevated.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

OHFB President Bill Patterson shares an update from Washington on the group’s policy priorities and the issues shaping agriculture ahead of the 2026 planting season.
Ben Kurtzman with American Farmland Trust discusses the growing pressure on farmland and ranchland and the steps being taken to help conserve farms and ranches across the country ,as unrest in the Middle East adds more obstacles for producers.
NRECA CEO Jim Matheson warns that rising electricity demand from AI and data centers could strain the grid and affect rural electric cooperatives if U.S. power infrastructure cannot keep up.
Weather remains the primary driver for wheat price outlook.
Acre reporting is crucial to maximize specialty crop aid.
Tidal Grow’s AlignN delivers encapsulated nitrogen to leaves, boosting in-season response, yield gains, and farm profits.