Updated 45Z Rules Shift Biofuel Incentives Toward Feedstocks

Clearer 45Z rules favor U.S. oilseeds, but final RFS volumes remain critical to locking in demand.

20160602_072042.jpg

These photos are from an ARPA-E event hosted by Danforth, the Department of Energy, and the University of Arizona. At the time, this was the world’s largest robot conducting research on sorghum as an enhanced biofuel crop. (2025)

Tony St. James

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (RFD NEWS) — Federal guidance on the 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit now more clearly steers biofuel incentives toward U.S.-grown crops, strengthening demand signals for domestic agriculture while narrowing eligibility for imported alternatives. Updated Treasury proposals implement changes enacted in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) and clarify how the credit will function through 2029.

The revised guidance, to be published Wednesday in the Federal Register, prioritizes North American feedstocks, including U.S. soybeans and canola, while limiting eligibility for fuels made from imported waste oils such as used cooking oil and tallow. Industry groups say that change realigns biofuel policy with farm production rather than overseas sourcing.

A key shift is the removal of indirect land use change penalties from carbon scoring. That adjustment materially improves the economics for soy-based biofuels, effectively increasing the value of the credit and expanding eligibility across more oilseed pathways.

The update also underscores that 45Z works best alongside a strong Renewable Fuel Standard. Without complementary blending targets, the tax credit alone may not fully translate into sustained demand growth.

Farm-Level Takeaway: Clearer 45Z rules favor U.S. oilseeds, but final RFS volumes remain critical to locking in demand.
Tony St. James, RFD NEWS Markets Specialist
Related Stories
Jack Hubbard, with the Center for the Environment and Welfare, shares context and perspective on the controversial letter about Prop 12 circulating in Washington and how a review shows it misled the public.
Decoupled base acres may amplify income inequality and distort planting decisions as farm program payments increase.
From tariff talks in Europe to SCOTUS uncertainty and rising farm losses, analysts say policy and global supply will shape grain markets in the year ahead.
Large Brazilian crops heighten downside price risk if the weather allows production to reach projected levels.
Ethanol and corn groups are not hiding their disappointment over new reports that the bill to allow year-round E15 sales failed as Congress forges ahead on government funding, with another shutdown looming.
Oil-led rallies can move soybean prices quickly, but sustained gains will require continued strength in soybean oil and broader biofuel demand signals.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Larger grain stocks increase supply pressure, but strong fall disappearance — especially for corn and sorghum — suggests demand remains an important offset.
Record corn and sorghum crops boost feed grain supplies, while reduced soybean and cotton production tighten outlooks for oilseeds and fiber markets.
Lewis Williamson with HTS Commodities joined us to provide analysis on the January WASDE report and expectations for grain markets going forward.
Structural efficiency supports cattle prices and resilience — breaking it risks higher costs and greater volatility.
Strong pork demand and improving beef exports outside China support protein markets despite ongoing trade barriers.
Logistics capacity remains available, but winter volatility favors flexible delivery and marketing plans. NGFA President Mike Seyfert provides insight into grain transportation trends, trade policy, and priorities for the year ahead.