LUBBOCK, TEXAS (RFD NEWS) — Data centers are rapidly expanding into rural areas, raising new concerns about competition for land, water, and electricity with agricultural operations. Texas A&M AgriLife economists say the impact will depend on how these facilities use local resources and how communities manage development.
Texas is emerging as a major hub, with about four gigawatts of data center capacity already in place and nearly eight gigawatts under construction. Large-scale facilities can span hundreds of acres and operate continuously, consuming as much electricity as a small city.
That demand could strain rural power systems. Year-round electricity use may drive higher rates and increase grid pressure, especially during peak summer irrigation periods. Water use is also significant, with some facilities requiring more than a million gallons per day, adding pressure on groundwater resources in key aquifers.
Land use is another concern. Once converted, these sites rarely return to agriculture. While data centers can generate tax revenue, they create relatively few long-term jobs.
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