U.S. Hog Inventory Shows Modest Growth into Spring

Productivity gains are supporting supply despite limited herd expansion.

A female pig farmer with dirty boots is photographed from the waist up, straddling a pig pen fence, with a white bucket of slop on the ground beside her, sitting on a bed of hay. A little girl is standing on the other side of the white bucket.

FarmHER Jen Welch (Season 1, Episode 2)

FarmHER, Inc.

WASHINGTON, D.C. (RFD NEWS) — The U.S. hogs and pigs herd is holding steady with slight growth, but forward-looking indicators suggest limited expansion as producers manage tighter margins and cautious production plans.

USDA’s March Quarterly Hogs and Pigs Report shows total inventory at 74.3 million head, up slightly from a year ago but down 1 percent from the previous quarter. The breeding herd declined to 5.89 million head, down 1 percent year-over-year, while market hog inventory rose 1 percent to 68.4 million head .

Gains in production are helping offset the smaller breeding base. The December through February pig crop totaled 33.2 million head, up 1 percent from last year, with pigs saved per litter increasing to 11.90, compared to 11.65 a year earlier. That improvement continues a trend of higher efficiency across the sector.

However, expansion signals remain limited. Producers intend to farrow 2.86 million sows in the March-May quarter — only slightly higher than last year — while summer farrowing intentions are down compared to both one and two years ago.

Contract production continues to play a major role, accounting for 53 percent of total inventory, reflecting ongoing structural shifts in the industry.

Looking ahead, stable herd size combined with improved productivity suggests steady pork supplies, but without aggressive growth.

Farm-Level Takeaway: Productivity gains are supporting supply despite limited herd expansion.
Tony St. James, RFD NEWS Markets Specialist
Related Stories
The Texas Department of Agriculture confirmed a New World Screwworm case about 119 miles from the Texas border, near Zapata, Texas, and north and west of the Rio Grande Valley.
Tennessee corn and soy farmer Josh Ogle joins us to discuss rapid planting progress in the state, improving moisture conditions, and early crop development challenges in the MidSouth region.
Beef is leading the decline as slaughter drops and supplies tighten.
Chad Fiechter joins us to discuss Purdue’s precision ag study, challenges in capturing value from technology, and what farmers should consider when investing in and adopting these tools.
Ethanol demand held together last week, but lower production and thinner stocks put more focus on export strength. Production capacity is also strengthening over time and benefiting soybean farmers.
Kansas Congressman Derek Schmidt joins us to discuss House passage of the Farm Bill, its potential impact on farm profitability and stability, key policy compromises, and the outlook for Senate consideration.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Farmers still earn only a small share of consumer food spending, even as post-farm costs continue to take most of the dollar.
Corn and cotton gave the strongest signals this week, while soybean demand remained softer than in the previous report.
Reliance on vegetable imports remains uneven, with domestic production still anchoring several major categories.
Farmland outlook is tracking closely with producer confidence, investment appetite, and financial expectations.
StoneX’s Josh Linville discusses USDA’s efforts to boost domestic fertilizer production and his outlook on supply and prices.
Landowners interested in protecting working ground through an easement now have another funding window open until the end of May.
Agriculture Shows
Created by former Louisiana Farm Bureau PR Director and former host Regnal Wallace, “This Week in Louisiana Agriculture,” is one of the state’s longest-running TV programs.
From the rapid technological advances in the business of farming to the policy that helps shape the industry, growers get unparalleled perspective from these guys. Max Armstrong, Mike Pearson and Greg Soulje: the names producers have long known and trusted for agriculture news, weather, and commentary.
Watch Rural Evening News on RFD Network to catch up on that day’s news surrounding agriculture and markets from across the world.
Every day on RFD Network, “Market Day Report” delivers LIVE coverage of agribusiness news, weather, and commodity market information from across the world. Our commodity markets coverage is updated every half hour to bringyou the latest agriculture news.