USDA Lowers Meat Output as Dairy Supplies Grow

Cattle and hog supplies continue to tighten while dairy output expands, creating a split outlook in which red-meat prices soften and milk values come under pressure from larger supplies.

Holstein dairy cows

WASHINGTON, D.C. (RFD-TV) — The latest World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimate (WASDE) Report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) shows livestock markets experiencing mixed momentum, as cattle and hog production move lower while dairy output continues to grow.

The update gives producers an early view of how slaughter trends, disease pressures, and product prices may shape margins over the next year. Beef and cattle markets see the most signs of tightening, hog supplies are slipping as slaughter slows, and dairy faces downward pressure from larger milk volumes.

For cattle, the USDA lowered 2025 beef production on reduced steer and heifer slaughter and lighter weights, even though cow and bull slaughter is expected to rise. Prices for the fourth quarter of 2025 were revised down and are forecast to remain soft into early 2026. The agency also lowered 2026 beef output as the slower fed-cattle marketings are expected to extend into next year.

Hog markets show similar signs of tightening: USDA reduced 2025 pork production due to a slower slaughter pace that outweighs heavier carcass weights. Updated inventory data also point to smaller hog supplies in 2026, prompting the USDA to raise its 2026 hog price outlook even as late-2025 prices ease.

Dairy markets are moving in the opposite direction. USDA raised milk production forecasts for both 2025 and 2026 on higher cow inventories and stronger productivity. Larger milk supplies are pushing product prices lower — particularly butter, cheese, and nonfat dry milk — leading to reduced Class III and Class IV values. The all-milk price is now forecast at $21.05/cwt for 2025 and $19.25/cwt for 2026. Dairy exports, however, were increased due to competitive butter, cheese, and whey markets.

Farm-Level Takeaway: Cattle and hog supplies continue to tighten while dairy output expands, creating a split outlook in which red-meat prices soften and milk values come under pressure from larger supplies.
Tony St. James, RFD-TV Markets Specialist
Related Stories
The American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF) is urging Congress and the Trump Administration to act quickly on behalf of American agriculture.
Better yield measurement means fairer grids, more precise breeding targets, and more dollars for truly efficient cattle.
Escalating U.S.–China tensions threaten soybean demand as farm finances are stretched further.
Expect a steady corn grind and selective basis strength where exports and local blending stay active.
CoBank Lead Grains Economist Tanner Ehmke joins us to share insight and concerns over current grain storage capacity as export demand lags.
Large animal veterinarian Dr. Rosalyn Biggs with Oklahoma State University warns producers may not be prepared for the real threat of New World Screwworm.
Considering raising your own replacements instead of buying bred heifers? Three key factors to consider before investing capital.
Reliable, clearly graded middle meats still anchor demand; programs that deliver consistent eating quality and simple, confidence-building menus capture more repeat visits—and more value—back through the beef chain.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

The review signals renewed scrutiny of China’s agricultural trade pledges and could reshape farm export opportunities depending on its outcome.
The U.S.-Japan tech pact signals long-term investment in bio-innovation, connectivity, and secure supply chains — all of which can strengthen rural manufacturing, ag exports, and digital infrastructure critical to the next generation of farm productivity.
Export volumes remain positive year-to-date, but weaker soybean loadings and slowing wheat movement hint at early bottlenecks in global demand or river logistics. Farmers should watch basis levels and freight conditions as export competition heats up.
Harvest Marches on as River Logistics And Inputs Steer Bids
Farmers who rely on H-2A workers will see a few key changes to speed up the process and make it fairer. On the ground, producers say labor issues create shortfalls in otherwise productive harvests.
Industry leaders representing more than 40 nations gathered to discuss the future of ethanol and other corn-based products.
Agriculture Shows
From soil to harvest. Top Crop is an all-new series about four of the best farmers in the world—Dan Luepkes, of Oregan, Illinois; Cory Atley, of Cedarville, Ohio; Shelby Fite, of Jackson Center, Ohio; Russell Hedrick, of Hickory, North Carolina—reveals what it takes for them to make a profitable crop. It all starts with good soil, patience, and a strong planter setup.
Champions of Rural America is a half-hour dive into the legislative priorities for Rural America. Join us as we interview members of the Congressional Western Caucus to learn about efforts in Washington to preserve agriculture and tackles the most important topics in the ag industry on Champions of Rural America!
Featuring members of Congress, federal and state officials, ag and food leaders, farmers, and roundtable panelists for debates and discussions.
The goal of “Where the Food Comes From” is as simple as its name implies — host Chip Carter takes you along on the journey of where our food comes from — and we don’t just mean to the supermarket (though that’s part of the big picture!). But beyond where it comes from, how it gets there, and all the links in the chain that make that happen.
Join markets specialist Scott Shellady, better known as the Cow Guy, as he covers the market-close, breaking down headlines that drive the commodities and equities markets with commentary from respected industry heavyweights.