U.S. Hog Inventory Shows Modest Growth into Spring

Productivity gains are supporting supply despite limited herd expansion.

A female pig farmer with dirty boots is photographed from the waist up, straddling a pig pen fence, with a white bucket of slop on the ground beside her, sitting on a bed of hay. A little girl is standing on the other side of the white bucket.

FarmHER Jen Welch (Season 1, Episode 2)

FarmHER, Inc.

WASHINGTON, D.C. (RFD NEWS) — The U.S. hogs and pigs herd is holding steady with slight growth, but forward-looking indicators suggest limited expansion as producers manage tighter margins and cautious production plans.

USDA’s March Quarterly Hogs and Pigs Report shows total inventory at 74.3 million head, up slightly from a year ago but down 1 percent from the previous quarter. The breeding herd declined to 5.89 million head, down 1 percent year-over-year, while market hog inventory rose 1 percent to 68.4 million head .

Gains in production are helping offset the smaller breeding base. The December through February pig crop totaled 33.2 million head, up 1 percent from last year, with pigs saved per litter increasing to 11.90, compared to 11.65 a year earlier. That improvement continues a trend of higher efficiency across the sector.

However, expansion signals remain limited. Producers intend to farrow 2.86 million sows in the March-May quarter — only slightly higher than last year — while summer farrowing intentions are down compared to both one and two years ago.

Contract production continues to play a major role, accounting for 53 percent of total inventory, reflecting ongoing structural shifts in the industry.

Looking ahead, stable herd size combined with improved productivity suggests steady pork supplies, but without aggressive growth.

Farm-Level Takeaway: Productivity gains are supporting supply despite limited herd expansion.
Tony St. James, RFD NEWS Markets Specialist
Related Stories
USDA released the November WASDE Report on Friday, the first supply-and-demand estimate to drop since September, just before the 43-day government shutdown.
Some sustainability shifts are not particularly challenging and can be implemented with resources already available to farmers and ranchers on their operations.
USMEF President and CEO Dan Halstrom shares how recent trade talks are influencing U.S. red meat global sales and the importance of key trade agreements like the USMCA.
Winter weather will challenge livestock producers working to rebuild their herds despite harsh conditions.
Enforceable origin labels could create clearer premiums for U.S. cattle and address concerns some producers have had with competition from foreign imported beef.
Rural businesses report softer sales, tougher hiring, and restrained investment — a backdrop that can pinch farm support capacity even if posted prices cool.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Regional differences indicate that family ownership is universal, but farm structure and commodity mix determine the extent to which these operations drive agricultural output.
A new study found that retaining the EPA’s half-RIN credit protects soybean demand, farm income, and crushing-sector strength while preserving biofuel market flexibility.
Rising federal debt is increasing pressure on Washington to limit spending, which could tighten future funding and delivery for agricultural programs.
Freight Softens as Producers Plan 2026 Budgets Nationwide
“I’m not sure where this bridge goes,” trader Brady Huck with Advanced Trading told RFD-TV News earlier this week.
Plan for sharp, short-term volatility after unexpected outages; permanent closures rarely trigger major price spread disruptions.
Agriculture Shows
Special 3-part series tells the story of the Claas family’s legacy, which changed agriculture forever.
From soil to harvest. Top Crop is an all-new series about four of the best farmers in the world—Dan Luepkes, of Oregan, Illinois; Cory Atley, of Cedarville, Ohio; Shelby Fite, of Jackson Center, Ohio; Russell Hedrick, of Hickory, North Carolina—reveals what it takes for them to make a profitable crop. It all starts with good soil, patience, and a strong planter setup.
Champions of Rural America is a half-hour dive into the legislative priorities for Rural America. Join us as we interview members of the Congressional Western Caucus to learn about efforts in Washington to preserve agriculture and tackles the most important topics in the ag industry on Champions of Rural America!
Featuring members of Congress, federal and state officials, ag and food leaders, farmers, and roundtable panelists for debates and discussions.