China’s Retreat Slashes U.S. Farm Exports in 2025

China’s pullback is hitting core U.S. commodities hard, reshaping export expectations for soybeans, cotton, grains, and livestock.

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (RFD-TV) — U.S. agricultural exports to China collapsed in 2025, falling 54 percent from January through August and wiping out $7.4 billion in value, according to Farm Flavor’s analysis of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) trade data.

China remains a top buyer, but renewed geopolitical tensions, shifting procurement strategies, and slowing feed demand triggered the steepest decline in more than a decade.

Soybeans absorbed the largest year-over-year decline, dropping $2.7 billion and accounting for one-third of total export losses. Cotton shipments fell nearly 89 percent, while grain trade fractured across the board: coarse grain exports collapsed 97 percent, corn exports plunged 99 percent, and wheat shipments dropped to zero.

Livestock markets were not spared. Beef exports declined 54 percent, and pork sales fell 20 percent. Only dairy remained relatively stable, slipping just 2 percent.

Nationally, the shift reflects China’s accelerated reliance on South American suppliers, especially Brazil, alongside structural economic shifts that reduced feed imports and reshaped global competition.

Louisiana and Washington Bear Brunt of Trade Losses

The sharp decline in U.S. agricultural exports to China is hitting regional economies unevenly, with the South, Midwest, and West Coast absorbing most of the damage, Farm Flavor reports. From January through August, Louisiana suffered the largest loss — a $1.85 billion decline, mainly due to reduced soybean shipments through Gulf ports.

Washington followed with a $1.36 billion drop, also driven by lower soybean movement, while Texas saw exports fall 80% as coarse grain shipments disappeared entirely. California lost $808 million, including an 89% decline in tree nut exports, and Illinois lost $545 million as soybean volumes contracted sharply.

Southern cotton states — Tennessee, Georgia, Mississippi, and Virginia — recorded declines ranging from 62% to 92%, highlighting the depth of market dependency on Chinese mills.

Only a handful of states saw gains, including Michigan, Vermont, New Jersey, and Florida, but these increases were minor and insufficient to offset the widespread national downturn.

Farm-Level Takeaway: China’s retreat is disproportionately hurting exporters in the Gulf, Plains, and West Coast, with soybean and cotton states facing the steepest regional stress.
Tony St. James, RFD-TV Markets Specialist
Related Stories
Tennessee Ag in focus: Commissioner Holt shares his farm economy outlook, the TNFB honors a cotton legacy, and TN 4-H and FFA leaders discuss support for the next generation of agriculture in Tennessee.
China’s stricter inspection rules prompt Cargill to pause soybean exports from Brazil, briefly lifting U.S. soybean prices as traders anticipate potential shifts in global trade, as export demand remains supportive across all major U.S. commodities.
Suderman joins Tony St. James in the RFD Studios to discuss how geopolitical tensions are triggering global transport disruptions, new inflation pressures, and other challenges for agriculture to navigate.
Dr. David Anderson with Texas A&M University AgriLife Extension discusses how geopolitical tensions and the Middle East, along with export disruptions in the Chinese market, will shape cattle markets in the months ahead.
Energy shifts influence diesel and fertilizer costs.
ASFMRA’s Craig Thompson shares insights for American farmers who are navigating farmland markets amid agricultural uncertainty.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Strong land values continue masking tighter farm finances.
Tight supplies continue supporting strong cull values.
Farm CPA Paul Nieffer explains the Farmer Bridge Assistance payment limits, provides clarity on new legislation, and offers advice for producers considering business structure adjustments.
Refining shifts could influence fuel and input costs.
Ben Kurtzman with American Farmland Trust discusses the growing pressure on farmland and ranchland and the steps being taken to help conserve farms and ranches across the country ,as unrest in the Middle East adds more obstacles for producers.
Weather remains the primary driver for wheat price outlook.