China’s Retreat Slashes U.S. Farm Exports in 2025

China’s pullback is hitting core U.S. commodities hard, reshaping export expectations for soybeans, cotton, grains, and livestock.

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (RFD-TV) — U.S. agricultural exports to China collapsed in 2025, falling 54 percent from January through August and wiping out $7.4 billion in value, according to Farm Flavor’s analysis of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) trade data.

China remains a top buyer, but renewed geopolitical tensions, shifting procurement strategies, and slowing feed demand triggered the steepest decline in more than a decade.

Soybeans absorbed the largest year-over-year decline, dropping $2.7 billion and accounting for one-third of total export losses. Cotton shipments fell nearly 89 percent, while grain trade fractured across the board: coarse grain exports collapsed 97 percent, corn exports plunged 99 percent, and wheat shipments dropped to zero.

Livestock markets were not spared. Beef exports declined 54 percent, and pork sales fell 20 percent. Only dairy remained relatively stable, slipping just 2 percent.

Nationally, the shift reflects China’s accelerated reliance on South American suppliers, especially Brazil, alongside structural economic shifts that reduced feed imports and reshaped global competition.

Louisiana and Washington Bear Brunt of Trade Losses

The sharp decline in U.S. agricultural exports to China is hitting regional economies unevenly, with the South, Midwest, and West Coast absorbing most of the damage, Farm Flavor reports. From January through August, Louisiana suffered the largest loss — a $1.85 billion decline, mainly due to reduced soybean shipments through Gulf ports.

Washington followed with a $1.36 billion drop, also driven by lower soybean movement, while Texas saw exports fall 80% as coarse grain shipments disappeared entirely. California lost $808 million, including an 89% decline in tree nut exports, and Illinois lost $545 million as soybean volumes contracted sharply.

Southern cotton states — Tennessee, Georgia, Mississippi, and Virginia — recorded declines ranging from 62% to 92%, highlighting the depth of market dependency on Chinese mills.

Only a handful of states saw gains, including Michigan, Vermont, New Jersey, and Florida, but these increases were minor and insufficient to offset the widespread national downturn.

Farm-Level Takeaway: China’s retreat is disproportionately hurting exporters in the Gulf, Plains, and West Coast, with soybean and cotton states facing the steepest regional stress.
Tony St. James, RFD-TV Markets Specialist
Related Stories
China’s pledge is supportive, but producers need confirmed sales and shipments before counting it as stronger export demand.
Grain movement remains active, but high ocean freight and diesel costs continue to pressure export logistics.
Cattle producers met with lawmakers to discuss the issues continuing to impact ranchers across the country.
The Meat Institute says meat sales reached a record $112 billion last year as protein demand remained strong nationwide.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Federal officials are signaling a more aggressive push on beef packer concentration, but any direct market impact will depend on what the investigation actually finds.
The USDA’s annual report leaves dairy producers with a mixed picture. Output and herd size expanded, but weaker prices kept income from rising with production.
Total cash receipts from marketings of cattle, calves, hogs, and pigs climbed by 18% in 2025 to $165 billion.
March crush data showed stronger soybean and canola processing, but softer animal fat production.
The new county maps show farm program payments are widespread, but payment design still produces very different outcomes across regions and crops. AgriSompo’s Brooks York joins us to discuss the role of crop insurance in supporting mental health.
Seasonal pricing strength is lining up with crop stress, giving wheat producers another weather-driven marketing window. Shaun Haney joins us to discuss concerns from ag bankers on farm profitability.