China’s Retreat Slashes U.S. Farm Exports in 2025

China’s pullback is hitting core U.S. commodities hard, reshaping export expectations for soybeans, cotton, grains, and livestock.

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (RFD-TV) — U.S. agricultural exports to China collapsed in 2025, falling 54 percent from January through August and wiping out $7.4 billion in value, according to Farm Flavor’s analysis of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) trade data.

China remains a top buyer, but renewed geopolitical tensions, shifting procurement strategies, and slowing feed demand triggered the steepest decline in more than a decade.

Soybeans absorbed the largest year-over-year decline, dropping $2.7 billion and accounting for one-third of total export losses. Cotton shipments fell nearly 89 percent, while grain trade fractured across the board: coarse grain exports collapsed 97 percent, corn exports plunged 99 percent, and wheat shipments dropped to zero.

Livestock markets were not spared. Beef exports declined 54 percent, and pork sales fell 20 percent. Only dairy remained relatively stable, slipping just 2 percent.

Nationally, the shift reflects China’s accelerated reliance on South American suppliers, especially Brazil, alongside structural economic shifts that reduced feed imports and reshaped global competition.

Louisiana and Washington Bear Brunt of Trade Losses

The sharp decline in U.S. agricultural exports to China is hitting regional economies unevenly, with the South, Midwest, and West Coast absorbing most of the damage, Farm Flavor reports. From January through August, Louisiana suffered the largest loss — a $1.85 billion decline, mainly due to reduced soybean shipments through Gulf ports.

Washington followed with a $1.36 billion drop, also driven by lower soybean movement, while Texas saw exports fall 80% as coarse grain shipments disappeared entirely. California lost $808 million, including an 89% decline in tree nut exports, and Illinois lost $545 million as soybean volumes contracted sharply.

Southern cotton states — Tennessee, Georgia, Mississippi, and Virginia — recorded declines ranging from 62% to 92%, highlighting the depth of market dependency on Chinese mills.

Only a handful of states saw gains, including Michigan, Vermont, New Jersey, and Florida, but these increases were minor and insufficient to offset the widespread national downturn.

Farm-Level Takeaway: China’s retreat is disproportionately hurting exporters in the Gulf, Plains, and West Coast, with soybean and cotton states facing the steepest regional stress.
Tony St. James, RFD-TV Markets Specialist
Related Stories
Experts say flooding the zone with more money could have unintented consequences without opening new markets for planted crops and inputs under significant pressure.
Julie Callahan was nominated earlier this summer by President Donald Trump, and U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer told lawmakers she is ready to hit the ground running.
Farm Journal Foundation Senior Policy Adviser Dr. Stephanie Mercier outlines new research on the top sixteen biosecurity threats in agriculture/
American Soybean Association President Caleb Ragland shares the soybean sector outlook following the announcement of farm aid to offset losses for U.S. row crop growers.
Stable U.S. fundamentals continue for major crops, but global adjustments in corn, soybeans, wheat, and cotton may influence early-2026 pricing.
Corn and wheat exports continue to outperform last year, while soybeans show steady but subdued movement compared to 2024.

Tony St. James joined the RFD-TV talent team in August 2024, bringing a wealth of experience and a fresh perspective to RFD-TV and Rural Radio Channel 147 Sirius XM. In addition to his role as Market Specialist (collaborating with Scott “The Cow Guy” Shellady to provide radio and TV audiences with the latest updates on ag commodity markets), he hosts “Rural America Live” and serves as talent for trade shows.

LATEST STORIES BY THIS AUTHOR:

Larger operations maintain cost advantages, while softer equipment sales suggest producers are pacing machinery upgrades amid tighter margins.
Transportation access, legal disputes, and fertilizer freight costs will directly influence input pricing and grain movement in 2026.
Corn and wheat exports remain supportive, but weaker soybean demand — especially from China — continues to pressure oilseed markets.
Slower grain movement may pressure basis, but falling diesel prices could help offset transportation costs.
Regional differences indicate that family ownership is universal, but farm structure and commodity mix determine the extent to which these operations drive agricultural output.
A new study found that retaining the EPA’s half-RIN credit protects soybean demand, farm income, and crushing-sector strength while preserving biofuel market flexibility.